Aiuto:AFI/Serbo-Croat

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Serbo-Croatian (the Croatian and Serbian standards thereof) pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-sh}}, {{IPA-sr}}, {{IPA-hr}}, {{IPA-bs}}, {{IPA-cnr}}, and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

Examples below in the Latin script are given in the Ijekavian pronunciation, while Cyrillic ones are in the Ekavian pronunciation. See Serbo-Croatian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of these languages.

Consonants
IPA Example English approximation
Latin Cyrillic
b bob боб bob
d dan дан doom
đak[1] ђак jeep (Alveolo-palatal)
ep[1][2] џeп just
f film филм film
ɡ gore горе gore
j ja ја yaw
k kola кола score
l Luka Лука fill
bicikl бицикл little
ʎ bilje биље million
m more море more
ɱ informacija информација comfort
n ne не no
njutn њутн burden
ŋ banka банка bank
ɲ konj коњ canyon
p pet пет space
r robot робот trilled r
vrba врба US verb, but trilled
s stol сто stole
ʃ šuma[2] шума shell
t tata тата star
ćup[1] ћуп cheap (Alveolo-palatal)
ts ribica рибица shorts
čekić[1][2] чекић choose
v voda[3] вода between vet and wet
x hir хир Scottish loch
z zima зима zoo
ʒ žaba[2] жаба treasure
Vowels
IPA Example English approximation
Latin Cyrillic
a rad рад father
e let лет let
i list лист least
o more море more
u trup труп tool
Tone and vowel length
Tonic marks are not normally written but are found in dictionaries.[4]
IPA Example Explanation
Latin Cyrillic
e sezóna сезо́на non-tonic short vowel
ùzēti у̀зе̄ти non-tonic long vowel[5]
ě djèca дјѐца short vowel with rising tone
ěː kréda кре́да long vowel with rising tone
ê sjȅme сјȅме short vowel with falling tone
êː rȇp рȇп long vowel with falling tone

See also mudé

Notes mudé

  1. 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 Many speakers in Croatia and some in Bosnia have no distinction between /tɕ/ and /tʃ/ (⟨ć⟩ and ⟨č⟩) or between /dʑ/ and /dʒ/ (⟨đ⟩ and ⟨dž⟩) and are both pronounced [tʃ] and [dʒ] respectively.
  2. 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 /ʃ/, /tʃ/, /ʒ/ and /dʒ/ are sometimes transcribed as Template:IPAblink, Template:IPAblink, Template:IPAblink and Template:IPAblink, respectively. The fricatives /ʃ/ and /ʒ/ may be realized Template:IPAblink or Template:IPAblink before /tɕ/ or /dʑ/.
  3. ⟨v⟩ is a light fricative, more precisely transcribed [ʋ̝] or [v̞]. However, it does not behave as a fricative in that it does not devoice to *[f] before a voiceless consonant, nor it causes preceding voiceless consonants to become voiced.
  4. Tone marks can also be found on syllabic consonants, such as [ř̩] and [r̩̂ː]. Some articles may use the stress mark, [ˈe], which could correspond to either of the tonic accents (rising or falling) and so they are not a complete transcription, although many speakers in Croatia have no tone distinctions.
  5. Many speakers in Croatia and Serbia pronounce most unstressed long vowels as short.

External links mudé