Aiuto:AFI/Valis

(Readressà da Aiuto:IPA/Valis)

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Welsh language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-cy}} and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See Welsh phonology and Welsh orthography for a more thorough look at the sounds of Welsh.

Consonants
IPA Examples English approximations
b bach, cwbl, mab be
d dydd, cadw, tad do
joio, garej, diengyd (colloquial) just
ð ddoe, deuddeg, bedd wither
f ffenest, ei phen, cyffro, corff find
ɡ glân, cegin, cig get
h haul, gwahanol have
j iaith, geiriadur you
k cig, acw, ac sky, cool
l leicio, Alban, bol like
ɬ llaw, cyllell Not present in English; somewhat similar to shoe
m mab, cymaint, dim me
fy mhen, ym Mhen-y-bont No equivalent in English.
n nerth, anadlu, gwyn no
fy nhad, yn Nhywyn No equivalent in English.
ŋ fy ngwely, trengi, rhwng thing
ŋ̊ fy nghŵn, yng Nghymru No equivalent in English.
p pen, copa, map open
r radio, garw, dŵr right but trilled
rhestr, anrheg Trilled r but voiceless
s Saesnes, swsus see
ʃ siarad, siop, brwsh she
t tatws, at stop
tsieini, wats chance
θ thus, athro, peth think
v faint, afal, arf very
w wedyn, ei wraig, gwlân was
χ chwaer, tuchan, bwlch Not present in English; similar to Scottish loch
Vowels
Monophthongs
IPA Examples English approximations
NW SW
a sant, pàs sand
mab, sâl father
ɛ perth, mès well
peth, trên may
ə cymydog, rg about
ɪ ɪ tipyn, sgìl it
ɨ punt, gwyn pin (SW)
hir, tîm be
ɨː llun, bûm, rhy, tŷ roses (see Russian ты but longer)
ɔ bron, glòs off
bro, ôl raw
ʊ cwm, mg put
cwch, dŵr pool
Diphthongs
ai ai tai eye
cau, nesáu pie
aːɨ hael, cae Yael
aːi Cymraeg Yael
au llaw around
ɛu llew Italian, Portuguese and Spanish Europa
ɛi[1] ɛi[1] Seisnig pain
gwneud
əu bywyd RP toe
ɪu ɪu lliw Similar to Cockney English till
ɨu Duw, menyw
ɔi ɔi osgoi boy
ɔɨ coeden soil
ʊɨ ʊi mwy, gŵyl Louie
Other symbols used in transcription of Welsh pronunciation
IPA Explanation
ˈ Primary stress (placed before the stressed syllable), for example cymydog [kəˈmədɔg]

See also mudé

Notes mudé

  1. 1,0 1,1 The diphthongs that were historically [əi, əɨ] now begin with a more front vowel [ɛ ~ e] for most speakers. Transcription styles in sources vary but are most often transcribed with [ɛi, ɛɨ] on Wikipedia.